Biomarcadores de consolidación ósea en diabetes mellitus tipo 2: revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59420/remus.13.2025.276Palabras clave:
endocrinologia, huesos, marcadoresResumen
Los biomarcadores de consolidación ósea (BTM) son un tema relevante en la investigación científica debido a su impacto sistémico, relacionando de forma estrecha la salud ósea con los niveles de BTM y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Objetivo: Analizar la correlación entre la resistencia a la insulina y los niveles de BTM en pacientes con DM2 mediante una revisión bibliográfica.
Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo los criterios PRISMA 2020.
Resultados: Se evaluaron 10 estudios que exploraron la relación entre los BTM y la DM2. Los resultados indican que la DM2 se asocia consistentemente con niveles reducidos de BTM y una disminución significativa en la densidad ósea (p < 0.001), evidenciando un impacto negativo. Asimismo, los niveles elevados de osteocalcina (OC) se vinculan con un mayor riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (OR 1.35, p = 0.014) en esta población.
Conclusiones: En conjunto, la revisión realizada evidencia que la DM2 altera la actividad de los BTM, lo cual podría llevar a desarrollar enfermedad ósea por diabetes que se relaciona con complicaciones óseas como osteopenia, osteoporosis y fracturas entre otros. Por otro lado, la alteración en los niveles de BTM puede incrementar el riesgo cardiovascular. Se requieren más estudios que muestren las complicaciones que presentan las personas con DM2 con alteración en la actividad de los BTM.
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