Avances recientes en el tratamiento del cáncer de tiroides basado en el uso de nanopartículas: una revisión narrativa
Recent advances in nanoparticle-based treatment of thyroid cancer: a narrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59420/remus.2.2025.296Palabras clave:
cancer de tiroide, tratamiento de cancer, cmt, nanomedicina, TiroideResumen
El cáncer de tiroides (CT) es una de las neoplasias endocrinas frecuentes con una incidencia en aumento a nivel mundial. Los tipos más comunes de CT incluyen el carcinoma papilar, folicular, oncocítico, medular y el agresivo carcinoma anaplásico. A pesar de los tratamientos como la cirugía y el yodo radiactivo, entre el 7 % y el 23 % de los pacientes pueden desarrollar metástasis resistentes a la terapia. El objetivo de esta revisión fue demostrar el potencial terapéutico de las nanopartículas (NP) aplicada en el CT. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Elsevier y Scielo, seleccionando un total de 41 artículos conforme a los lineamientos de la escala para la evaluación de artículos de revisión narrativa (SANRA). Las palabras clave se definieron mediante el uso de la guía Medical Subject Heading (MeSH). Los resultados evidencian que las NP mejoran la biodisponibilidad de los fármacos, reducen efectos adversos y permiten una liberación controlada de agentes terapéuticos. Formulaciones como nanoemulsiones, liposomas, NP híbridas y fototérmicas demuestran un alto potencial en la focalización tumoral. En conjunto, las NP representan un enfoque prometedor y altamente específico para optimizar el tratamiento del CT y superar las limitaciones de las terapias tradicionales.
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